Most high-traffic email domains still vulnerable to phishing

New research from EasyDMARC has found that 92% of the world's top 1.8 million email domains lack adequate protection against phishing attacks.

The EasyDMARC 2025 DMARC Adoption Report has revealed that only 7.7% of these domains are fully protected using the strictest DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) policy, known as 'p=reject'. This policy is designed to actively block malicious emails from being delivered to inboxes.

DMARC is an email authentication protocol that builds on existing standards such as SPF and DKIM, allowing domain owners to specify how they want mail servers to handle emails that fail authentication checks. The protocol also enables domain owners to receive reports on emails sent under their domain name, providing vital records of authentication attempts and potential abuse.

EasyDMARC's analysis demonstrates that although there has been a noticeable increase in DMARC adoption since 2023 — largely due to regulatory initiatives and mandates from major providers including Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft — most organisations opt for the weakest available configuration, 'p=none'. This setting only monitors for threats, rather than thwarting attacks by blocking illegitimate emails.

The report, which reviewed security practices across the most-visited websites globally as well as Fortune 500 and Inc. 5000 companies, shows a continued gap between DMARC adoption and meaningful implementation. More than half (52.2%) of the surveyed domains have not implemented DMARC at any level, leaving them exposed to phishing and spoofing risks. Among domains that do have a DMARC record, most have not configured enforcement policies or reporting mechanisms necessary for full protection.

The research also found that over 40% of the domains with a DMARC record did not include any reporting tags. This omission means these organisations have little to no visibility into authentication failures or an understanding of who might be sending emails on their behalf.

Gerasim Hovhannisyan, Chief Executive Officer of EasyDMARC, addressed the misconception surrounding DMARC adoption: "There's a growing perception that simply publishing a DMARC record is enough. But adoption without enforcement creates a dangerous illusion of security. In reality, most organisations are leaving the door wide open to attacks targeting customers, partners, or even employees."

Mandates have had a measurable effect. In the United States, where regulatory enforcement is strong, the proportion of phishing emails accepted dropped from 68.8% in 2023 to just 14.2% in 2025. Similar progress was noted in the UK and the Czech Republic, countries that also enforce DMARC usage. However, countries without strict requirements, such as the Netherlands and Qatar, showed minimal improvement in reducing phishing acceptance rates.

Recent high-profile cyber attacks, including those targeting retailers such as M&S and Co-op, serve as a backdrop for the report's release. In these incidents, attackers exploited weaknesses in email security through social engineering, costing affected businesses hundreds of thousands in losses. According to EasyDMARC, the increasing sophistication of phishing, partly driven by the use of AI, magnifies the risks for organisations that are inadequately protected.

Hovhannisyan further commented: "Misconfigurations, missing reporting, and passive DMARC policies are like installing a security system without ever turning it on. Phishing remains one of the oldest and most effective forms of cyberattack, and without proper enforcement, organisations are effectively handing attackers the keys to their business. As threats grow more sophisticated and compliance pressures mount, stopping halfway with DMARC enforcement is no longer an option."

The report methodology combined public DNS data with proprietary data collected through EasyDMARC's platform. It involved the review of aggregate DMARC reports from major mailbox providers and included a survey of 980 IT professionals across the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and the Netherlands. This allowed for insights into regional differences in phishing trends, adoption challenges, and the varying influence of regulatory mandates.

The research concludes that while DMARC adoption has increased, genuine protection against phishing relies on both enforcement and visibility — elements still missing for the vast majority of high-traffic domains worldwide.